OPTICAL MEMORY  Optical memory is an electronic storage medium that uses a laser beam to store and retrieve digital data .  It was first used to represent analog sound signals into digital form .  In optical storage technology, a laser beam encodes digital data on an optical disc or laser disc in the form of tiny pits arranged in a spiral pattern on the surface of the disc .  Optical memory was developed by Philips and Sony and released in 1982 in the fourth generation of computers . In optical media such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-Ray discs,  pits  and  lands  play a crucial role in representing binary information.  Pits are microscopic depressions on the disc’s surface. When a laser beam hits a pit, it shatters, and no reflection is received. As a result, a  binary 0 (O)  is registered. Essentially, pits correspond to the absence of data. Think of pits as the valleys or low points on the disc.: Lands are the flat areas betwe...

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